منظمة اليونسكو

منظمة الأمم المتحدة للتربية والعلم والثقافة
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization



شعار منظمة الأمم المتحدة للتربية والعلم والثقافة
نوع المنظمة منظمة
المسؤول ايرينا بوكوفا
الوضع نشطة
تاريخ التأسيس 1945
المقر باريس، فرنسا

الموقع الإلكتروني الموقع الرسمي لليونسكو بالعربية

منظمة الأمم المتحدة للتربية والعلم والثقافة (بالإنجليزية: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ‏)، أو ما يعرف اختصاراً بالـيونسكو (UNESCO)، هي وكالة متخصصة تتبع منظمة الأمم المتحدة تأسست عام 1945. ترأسها حاليا البلغارية إيرينا بوكوفا بعد فوزها بالانتخابات التي أجريت في العام الحالي 2009 حيث تقدمت بفارق 3 اصوات على المرشح العربي المصري فاروق حسني، حيث حصلت على 31 صوتاً. هدف المنظمة الرئيسي هو المساهمة بإحلال السلام والأمن عن طريق رفع مستوى التعاون بين دول العالم في مجالات التربية والتعليم والثقافة لإحلال الاحترام العالمي للعدالة ولسيادة القانون ولحقوق الإنسان ومبادئ الحرية الأساسية.

تتبع اليونسكو 191 دولة. مقر المنظمة الرئيس يوجد في باريس، ولليونسكو أيضا أكثر من 50 مكتبا وعدة معاهد تدريسية حول العالم. للمنظمة خمسة برامج أساسية هي التربية والتعليم، والعلوم الطبيعية، والعلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية، والثقافة، والاتصالات والإعلام. تدعم اليونسكو العديد من المشاريع كمحو الأمية والتدريب التقني وبرامج تأهيل وتدريب المعلمين، وبرامج العلوم العالمية، والمشاريع الثقافية والتاريخية، واتفاقيات التعاون العالمي للحفاظ على الحضارة العالمية والتراث الطبيعي وحماية حقوق الإنسان.

كانت المنظمة مثارا للجدل بشكل كبير على مر الزمن. خلال السبعينيات والثمانينيات اعتقدت الدول الغربية وبخاصة الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية وبريطانيا أن المنظمة مستغلة من قبل الشيوعيين، ودول العالم الثالث لمهاجمة الغرب الأمر الذي حدى بالمنظمة لتطوير خطة سميت بالنظام العالمي الجديد لإيقاف الأكاذيب المزعومة والمعلومات المضللة التي انتشرت عن مسألة تطوير دول العالم. رفض الغرب هذه الخطة بحجة أنها محاولة من دول العالم الثالث والدول الشيوعية لتدمير حرية الإعلام فانسحبت أمريكا من المنظمة عام 1984 م وتلتها بريطانيا عام 1985 م. اتهمت اليونسكو أيضا من البعض بالبيروقراطية.

إحدى مهام اليونسكو هي أن تعلن قائمة مواقع التراث الثقافي العالمي. هذه المواقع هي مواقع تاريخية أو طبيعية وحمايتها وإبقاءها سليمة هو أمر يطالب به المجتمع الدولي وليس من مهام المنظمة حماية هذه الأماكن.

في كل سنة تحاول المنظمة النهوض بحرية التعبير وحرية الإعلام باعتبار أنهما من مبادئ حقوق الإنسان الأساسية عن طريق اليوم العالمي لحرية الإعلام في الثالث من مايو من كل سنة. يقام هذا الحدث للاحتفال والتركيز على أهمية حرية الإعلام كمبدأ أساسي لأي مجتمع سليم حر ديمقراطي.

عادت للمنظمة كل من بريطانيا عام 1997 وأمريكا عام 2003.

Madain Saleh

Madain Saleh, the old name or the city of stone. Archaeological site in Saudi Arabia located in the province of the Ela region of Medina. And occupies a strategic location in the heart of the ancient world on the road connecting Mesopotamia and Yemen and the Levant and Egypt.

And the name of the stone homes Thamood Valley villages between Medina and Tabuk, [1].

Fall of stone at a distance of 22 km north-east of Ela at the Department of display 4726 to the north, longitude 5337 the east, called the stone on this place since ancient times, derives stone famous historical site on the ancient trade route that connects the south and the Arabian Peninsula and the Levant, and its owners, known as a people Thamood Koran, which came all beings that they had responded to a call in favor of the Prophet of God, and then wore their religion and Akarham camels that God sent them a sign.



According to Archaeology has lived in the stone city by authorized users, I.n in the third millennium BC. M. It is after them, inhabited by Allhiaon in the ninth century BC. M, in the second century BC. Occupied the Nabataeans city of stone and brought down the state of Bani Hayan and took from the houses of stone temples and tombs, was attributed Nabatean City building stone for themselves in the inscriptions found. City contains a huge amount of stone inscriptions and crural Alalehyanip that need to study the decryption.

Regions Ela, worms and Kherbip are the implications for Hianip oldest and perhaps back to 2991 BC. M as mentioned in the Koran I am sent down the Reminder and his privates were destroyed part of the earthquake and the city of stone are the effects of authorized users, traders I.n the first coming from the southern Arabian Peninsula

Groove (Najran)

Groove (Najran)



Groove City was formerly called (No.at), a site in the southern city of Najran in Saudi Arabia has been mentioned in the Qur'an in Surat Al-Burooj

) The name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful (
) And the sky is rent asunder (1) and the promised day (2) and saw and recognized (3) were the owners of the groove (4) fire, fuel (5) as they sat by it (6) what they did to the believers witnesses (7) and Nqmwa them but believe in God the Exalted (8) (

I got the holocaust great for the believers at the hands of tobacco is the administration (the king of Yemen, named agriculture Ben Haymaker Asaad Abu crap) a Jew who went to them with his soldiers (circa 525 AD) called them to Judaism and well-being between that and death, choosing instead killing hip them to the groove and the burning of burning fire, and slain by the sword Like him until he killed them close to twenty thousand only one man, a dos bin Talban, who tried the Knights is the administration to follow him when he fled, but did not catch up, fled to Caesar, the Roman desperation by the following Yemen Jewish and this incident was the main reason for the occupation of Yemen by Aloahabic for 70 years later. The city of Najran in the groove of the richest archaeological sites in the Arabian Peninsula is the content of the writings and engravings on the stones dating back to more than 1750 years ago.

Archaeological areas in Saudi Arabia

The story of people who owe Shoaib peace be upon him



Allah says in Sura Hood After the story sodomites, (, and diminish people their O my people! "Serve Allah, you have no other god give not short measure and balance, I see you well and I fear for you on punishment the vicinity of (



He says in the poets after the story (Wood senders lied to the owners, who said to them: not fear, I am a faithful messenger to you, so fear God and Obey, and I ask it: my reward is only from the Lord of the Worlds)





Percentage peace be upon him



The people of the debtor folk Arabs live in their city, the debtor, which is close to the land of meanings of the parties to the Levant, close to the Lake sodomites. After them, and they were limited to close. And owes the city are known tribe of the sons of Midian debtor bin Ibrahim bin Khalil.

And is the son of Prophet Shuaib bin Mikel Icjn mentioned by Ibn Ishaq.

Said: Shoaib Bin snoring bin Levi son of Jacob.

Ibn Asaker: It is said his grandmother, said his mother-girl-Lot.

It was Abraham who believed and migrated with him, and entered with Damascus.



In an interview with Abu Dhar who in Saheeh Ibn Hibbaan to mention the prophets and the apostles said: "Four of the Arabs Hood, Saleh, Shoaib and the Prophet, O Abu Dhar"

Some of the salaf called Shu'aib preacher prophets meant for eloquence and his most high and his eloquence in the propaganda of his people to the faith of his letter.

It was narrated by Ibn Ishaq ibn Bishr Ibn Abbas said: The Messenger of Allah peace be upon him said if Shu'aib said: (That preacher Prophets)



His story with his people, the people of debtor



He owes the people of infidels, cut off the way and scare passers-by, and worship the Wood is a tree of Aloik Grove wrapped around them.

They were the worst treatment of people, underestimate the weights and measures, and Itefvon them, take the excess amount and pay Bnaqs.

Then Allah sent them a man whom the Messenger of God Shoaib peace be upon him, called them to worship Allah alone with no partner, and he forbade them from the abuse of such Alovail ugly, it is carried by the Hashemite and scare them in their own ways and strangers believed in each other and Kafr most of them, so that Allaah has permitted their bass strong. Which is the guardian of Praise.



As he says: (And to Midian their brother Shoaib said: O my people worship Allah, you have no other god may have come aware of the Lord)

Any indication of the argument clear and irrefutable proof of the sincerity of what I come to him and he sent me, which God performed miracles at his hands, which did not transfer to us in detail, although the term was demonstrated as a whole.



(Clear Sign measure and balance and wrong not mankind in their goods do not do mischief on earth after the instructions).



Ordered them to justice and forbids injustice and vowing otherwise, he said: (is better for you if you are believers, do not sit on every path through any)) (promised any Ttotn people to take money from the tolls and otherwise, and Tkhiphun ways.



Al-Saddi said in its interpretation of the Companions "sit not on every path, threatening that" they were taking money from tithes passers-by.

Ibn Abbas said: "tyrants aggressors were some people sitting on the road means that people underestimate the Iashrounam. They were the first from the age of it.



(And turning away from God's way who believed in him and seeking to crooked) forbade them to cut off sensory secular, moral and religious



(And remember when you were little Vktherkm and see how was the end of spoilers)

Mentioned by the grace of God them in Tkthiarham after a few, and warned them that curse of God different from what he told them to him and point him, as he told them the story the other:



(And give not short measure and balance, I see you well and I fear for you the punishment on perimeter)

Ie not what you may ride some of it and keep going where God Fimhak pool is in your hands and Evqrkm, and go by what makes you independent.



This adds to the punishment of the Hereafter, and the collection of it this and this was the deal B losers.

Hahn, first, the use of so unworthy of Alttefev, looting and warned them of God's grace in this world, and the painful punishment in the Hereafter and violence most rebuke.



Then told them what was the order after sufficient warning for him: (O my people, fulfill your weights and measures with justice, and wrong not mankind in their goods, nor do evil mischief in the land, the rest of God's best for you if you are believers and I am not a keeper over you).



I said Abbas and Hassan Basri said: "God rest good for you" any Rizqallah better for you than taking people's wealth.

Ibn Jarir: What is the virtue of your profit after fulfillment of double and the balance is better for you than taking people's money Balttefev.



The Messenger of Allah peace be upon him: "The usury that many, his fate is to say" no: to the few.

The Messenger of God peace be upon him "Albien option unless they separate the honest and Bina Burke The two parties involved in conceal and blessing of falsely sold."



It is intended that income from Mubarak, though it Say no man's land does not work, although many, and this was said by Prophet Shoaib "I was God's best for you if you are believers."

And he said, "and I'm a keeper over you" any order you to do what tags the sake of God and hope to see you do not reward me and others.



(They said: O Shuaib Oslatk Americanize to leave what our fathers worshiped or that we do in our money what we want you to You Halim good).

They say this as a mocking and belittling and sarcasm: Oslatk prays that this is a jus cogens you that we do not muzzle worship none but God and leave what our fathers worshiped ancient and ancestral? Or that do not deal only on the face, which would be acceptable to you and let the shock the transactions although, as we Nrdaha?





(He said: O my people, do you see that you are aware of the Lord blessed me with it baby Well what I want to Okhalvkm to forbid him that only want to fix what could compromise him except in God and to Him I turn).

With this soothing words and call them to the right door signal.



Say to them: Do you see O-believers that you are on is between God, and he sent me to you, and has enabled me to be a prophet and the message, and blindness, you know, what you trick me?



("And what I want to Okhalvkm to forbid him)

Any order you are not interested but I am the first actor, and if I forbid you to the first thing I leave him alone.

"What I want to Okhalvkm to forbid him that only want to fix what I can," ie what I want in all my only effective reform in the article on my own, and energy.



"What compromise" that is, in all my "In Him I trust only in God and to Him I turn in repentance"

Ie: it put my trust in other matters and the reference in my destiny and this serves as carrot.

Then go to the Attention of intimidation, he said: (O my people, not hatred of Shikaki that befall you like what befell the people of Noah or the people or the people in favor of Hood and sodomites you far).



Not transgressed any Thmlinkm Bgdkm and what I come to him to continue to misguidance and Jhlkm and Mkhafattkm, meanwhile, Allah is to you from suffering and for what they are permitted Alnekal Bnzeraikm and Ochaabahecm, of the people of Noah and the people of Hood and people in favor of the rejecters of offenders.



And he (and sodomites you far away)



Was meant in time, that is, the Covenant of the feet, which could one convey what allowed them to disbelief and Atohm.

It was said: What it means and what you are far away in the camp and place.

It was in the qualities and Almstqubhat acts of banditry and taking people's money openly and in secret, the types of tricks and suspicions.

The combination of these words as possible, they were not far of them do not Zmana or place in recipes.



Carrots and mix of intimidation, said: (And seek forgiveness of your Lord and then repent to God that is merciful and compassionate)



Any quit than when you and repent to your Lord, the Merciful, the Loving, it was he repents, repented, it is their merciful merciful towards His slaves than a mother to her child, and Dodd, a beloved, even after the repentance of sins, even slave bones.



They said: O Shuaib (the tunnel much what it says and unto us to see you weak).

It was narrated from Ibn Abbas that they said: He was a blind eye.



And (saying it not for Rhtk Rjmnak us what you loved)



This is one of disbelief and obstinacy heinous eloquent when they said: "What tunnel, which says a lot"

Do not understand what any Naklh, because we do not want do not want, and we have not discouraged him rush on it.



And saying (And surely see you us weak, oppressed abandoned any) () and not Rhtk any tribe and kindred of us (Rjmnak what you loved us).



(He said: O my people Orhti dearest to you from God)

Are you afraid of any tribes and clans and Troni because of them not afraid of the punishment of Allah and Traoni for I am the Messenger of God, became Rhti dearest to you from God "which God's side and behind your backs," which he is well aware of what ye do this and make of Ocean Sidzekm him the day he brought back to him.



(O my people, I Work on your prestige factor will know from the punishment he gets ashamed of and is a liar, and I am with you sergeant Artqbwa).



This is a severe threat and intimidation is sure to continue in their own way and their approach and like them, you'll know who have doers, and abase him, death and doom

Then you will () ashamed of any in this life

(And replace it torment resident in any other) (and) is a liar any of you with me and told the people and warned.



(And I am with you Sergeant Artqbwa)



This saying: (even if you believe, a range which I was sent and the range did not believe in patience until Allah judge between us He is the best).



(Chiefs of those who were proud of his people, the Best of O Shuaib and those who believe with you from our village or to return to our religion, or if we hate, you may Afterina a lie against Allah if we returned in faith? "After it God saved us and what we have to go back where only that pleases Allah, our Lord Expand the Lord all things to God unleash Lord open between us and our people right and you are the best conquerors).



Asked to respond as they claim, from a secure them to co-religionists Vantsb Shoaib for argument for his people, he said: (or if we hate)

Any of these do not come back to you a choice, but returned back to you if necessary because of crowding, because the faith if the hearts do not come into contact with widescreen notebook Ischth one, not a bounce it, this is inevitable for one of it.



For this he said: (Afterina had a lie against Allah if we go back in after they have faith? "God saved us and what we have to go back where he wants but the Lord God of our Lord can all put our trust in God note)



It is no Kavina, which protect a us, and our refuge in all the hurry.

Then Asfh to his people and his Lord Astnasr them to accelerate them what they deserve, he said: (Our Lord, open between us and our people right and you are the best heroes)



Any ruling he called them, and God is not prayer if Antsroh messengers to those who Jehdoh and Kvroh, and His Messenger, differed with him.

However, deaf to what they are Mstmlon. (Mtalpson the view and said leaders of the Unbelievers among his people then ye are ruined if the losers).



Loss of the people owe



Allah says: (So the earthquake cowering in their homes who now)



Mentioned in the fads and they took them shiver, or defibrillator their land and their strong earthquake shook the lost souls from their bodies, and rendered animal Kjmadha their land, their bodies became the knees, no souls, and movements and does not have senses.



Has brought upon them the types of sanctions and the plunge of Almthelat, and forms of calamities, due to a reputation for its unsightly qualities, shed upon them shiver severe housed movements, and sounds great put down sounds, and canopy sent them their spark fire from all its parts and bodies.

But the Almighty told them in every sura with appropriate context and agreed Tabagaha, in the context of the story norms Orgevoa Prophet and his companions, and Toteke expulsion from their village, or in the Devoured Iaudn Returning

He says: (So the earthquake prostrate in their homes by the morning)

Vkabl Alorgevav defibrillator and Scaring Balkhaevp This is appropriate this context, including related to its context.



As stated in Surat Al-Hood Hooray they took them, prostrate in their homes by the morning, because they said to the Prophet of God for sarcasm and mocking and belittling:

(Oslatk Americanize to leave what our fathers worshiped or that we do in our money what we want you You are the good Halim)

So it is appropriate to mention that are Kalzjr Hooray for abuse of this talk ugly faced by the Holy Prophet of the Secretary-Literate, Fjathm cry Osktaathm settled them with a shiver.



The poets in the AL stated that he took them on the punishment canopy, and it was asked to answer, and almost to what it wanted. They said:

(, They say you are bewitched, and you are but mortals like us, and those who follow nothing but liars, we fall on a piece of heaven if you are truthful, said: My Lord knows best what ye do).



God said He is the All-Knowing (torment overtook them on the canopy that he was suffering a great day).



They said they have suffered intense heat, and live God Blowing air their seven days was no benefit to them, however, no water, no light of their income in swarms,

They fled before Mahlthm into the wilderness, they came together Vozlthm cloud below to Istazloa shadow, when it sent by God Tkamiloa throw them Bcrr and meteors, and defibrillator their land and came the chant from the sky, having perished lives, and devastated the ghosts.



(Who now cowering in their homes, who lied Shu'aib if he had not dwelt there who have lied Shu'aib were the losers)

And God saved Shoaib and his believers. As he says is the most sincere of those who say:



(And when Our command came, We saved Shu'aib and those who believe with him and took us to the mercy of those who wronged Shout prostrate in their homes by the morning, if he had not lived there dimension of the debtor as straying Thamood).



Then he says that the Prophet Naahm themselves reproachfully and Reprovingly and Mqra, God said:



(O my people I conveyed the messages of my Lord and advised you)



Which has done what it was obligatory on the author's full advice and full and keen to Hdaitkm all appreciate it and Otousel to no avail you because Allah guides not to stray, and none to help them, I do not regret after this to you that you did not accept advice not afraid on the scandal.



To this he said: () How can I grieve any sad a people who (). Which does not accept the truth and do not return to it, nor the solution to turning them from a good God who does not return what does not defend and does not mind the inevitable for one to be made for him, and inevitably it.



The soldiers said Hafiz bin in its history from Ibn Abbas that "Shu'aib peace be upon him was after peace be upon him, and gave an alarm that bin Shu'aib peace be upon him died in Mecca and his faithful and their graves west of the Kaaba among the Seminar House, Dar Brown shares

Information on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

There are few countries that managed to reach in a short period to have reached the Kingdom

Saudi Arabia hundred years ago, was seen to the Arabian Peninsula Ksahra isolated,

The Jeddah port and the small commercial center, and Riyadh, there was no indication that it will

Become the capital in the future. After a century of time has no more than that last only

Little, it has been through three or four decades, the last major transformation of the Kingdom of

Country dependent on agriculture as the foundation of the economy, to the State at a high level of development

And urbanization with a modern infrastructure.

About nature:

Saudi Arabia is located in most of the Arabian Peninsula, and consists of

Narrow valleys on the coast of the Red Sea (Tihama plains), followed, towards the east, chains

Mountain range runs along the country (the mountains of the Hijaz and Asir and exceed the maximum height in 2000), and then

Sohar and rocky hills in the center (90% of the public space), the largest desert influence

In the north and the Empty Quarter in the south. In the east, and along the Gulf Coast

Arab coastal plains stretch wide

Location:

Saudi Arabia is located in the far south-west of the continent of Asia, where it is bordered

Red Sea in the west and east Gulf and United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Kuwait north

, Iraq, Jordan and South Yemen and the Sultanate of Oman

Area:

Saudi Arabia occupies four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula area estimated at more than

Of 2,250,000 sq km

Geographical Features:

Varied topography of the Kingdom due to the wide area along the Red Sea For Tihamah

Coastal length of about 1100 km and a capacity to display a 60 km

The south and narrows as was heading north when the Gulf of Aqaba, and rises to the east of this plain

Sarawat towering mountain range, which range in height from 9000 feet in the south

Is less rise gradually further north up to 3000 feet, and descend the valleys of large

Heading east and west, such as Wadi Wadi Jizan, Najran and triangulation and Wadi Wadi Bisha, Wadi

Acid and Wadi Wadi Rumah stems and Wadi Fatima, and follows the chain from the east

Stands the Najd Plateau, which extends eastward Dahna dunes and desert Alsman and south region

Punctuated Valley propellants and align the Empty Quarter desert and the north extends the plains to find

Related to the Hail to the desert Nafud grand borders Iraq, Jordan also has

Some of the highlands, such as mountains and Twaik viewer and Aja and Salma, The Quarter desert

Empty is a south-eastern part of the country, a large desert area

An area of 640000 square kilometers, consisting of sand dunes and marshes. The easy

Eastern Coastal with a length of about 610 km is composed of salt marshes

And areas of sandy

Climate:

Of Saudi Arabia varies from one region to another because of different terrain and is located under the influence of high

Tropical air, and generally continental climate, the Kingdom of hot summer and cold in winter and winter rainfall

Moderate climate on the western highlands and south-western, and central regions Vsifha

Hot and dry and winters cold and dry and on the coast, the temperature rises, humidity and drops

Rainfall in winter and spring rains are scarce over most regions of the Kingdom

Except the southwestern highlands of the Kingdom Vomtarha seasonal summer heavier than

The rest of the relative humidity is high on the western coasts and mountains in

Most of the year and less as we head to the inside.

Agriculture:

Agriculture has evolved significantly in recent years, which are of dual nature. There

On the one hand, the Bedouin owners and capital productivity is very low, on the other hand, construction

And modern equipment required a lot of investments.

The most important agricultural production:

4.75 million tons of cereals (mainly wheat: 4 million tons, took many of them to countries

The world and given to the Department of Arab States), mussels 548.000 tons, 390,000 tons of tomatoes, watermelon

461.000 tons, 320,000 tons of melon, grapes, 100,000 tons, onions, potatoes, barley, citrus fruits,

Tin, sorghum, sesame Right.

Cattle: 216,000 head of cattle, the beauty of 419,000 head, 8,1 million head of sheep, goats 3,4

Million head. Fishing, 50,000 tons (Pearl).

Vegetation:

Been approximately 2100 plant species in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, about 35

Endemic plant species, or about 2% of the total plant species, and in terms of spatial distribution

Plants are concentrated in the dry areas of the Kingdom, mainly in low-lying areas

Kalraudhat and valleys and lanes of water where water collects after rain The Perennials

, Which represents between 35 to 40% of the number of species and desert areas that are given

Desert vegetation appearance most days of the year there would usually limited areas

Khawwav kindergartens and valleys and low spots and land of flood and sediment

Wind with deep soil, and there are these plants as well as on sand dunes and

Bogs.

And grow in the highlands of the southern and south-west of the Arabian Peninsula, forest and

Upland grass savanna, such as those that spread in northeast Africa, but

Low-lying desert areas of this region are growing the plant species like

Balsavana such as acacia and the hills and peace and other tropical trees scattered.

Animal life:

Containing regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to a variety of animal life

Which dates its existence to the great capacity to adapt to live in such an arid environment,

And living in Saudi Arabia many wild mammals, birds and reptiles and

Insects and Natural History that has adapted to the desert environment. , And may decline in numbers of

Animals, especially the big ones such as deer since the fifties of the fourteenth century

AH, due to overfishing, but the creation of protected areas in many parts of the kingdom had

Stock breeding some endangered species such as oryx and gazelles, and others, this

In addition to the pets, such as: sheep and cattle and sheep and goats, and animal transport

Such as: horses and donkeys and so on.

Mineral wealth:

The country's wealth of natural gas and oil. The most important resources: Petroleum production 424.7 million tons,

Precaution 35.6 billion tons, natural gas production 35.9 billion cubic meters, a stock of 5250 billion cubic meters

Cube.

Industry:

Related industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in oil and natural gas: Refining and Petro-chemistry.

The most important industrial products: cement, tar, steel bars, ethylene, fodder, glycol

Ethylene, ethanol, industrial Deklo'rour ethylene, Alsttiarin, caustic soda, nitrogen, acid

Citric, oxygen, melamine, and there is also a sea water desalination and food industry.

Deals with disarmament salt from sea water approximately 100 million square meters of water per year.

This is not the quantity do little in front of the 9500 million cubic meters per year which are secured by

Ground water and consumed by agriculture. In parallel, the Kingdom is currently experiencing a growth

Great in the field of agro-industries - food and consumer goods industry, which is based on

Private capital.


Ranked in the world:

First in oil production and reserves, the fifth in natural gas reserves, the tenth in the production of

Natural gas, finally, leads the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia each year, thousands of pilgrims to perform

Hajj in Mecca and Medina, which led the state to secure housing

, Food, medical care, enough to absorb such a large number


Area: 2.14979 million square kilometers

Population: 21.4 million

Density: 7.9 inhabitants square kilometers

Capital: Riyadh 1,800,000 people

Major Cities: Jeddah 1,800,000 people, 473,000 people Mecca

Language: Arabic (official)

Currency: Saudi riyal


Population

According to the latest estimates by the Department of Statistics said the total population

Kingdom amounted to about 23.37 million people in the middle of 2002 an annual increase of 3.1

Percent, and the population is the Saudis, including about 74.2 percent, while a non-

Saudi Arabia 25.8 percent. The Saudi population, located under the age of

30 years of age to 72.6 percent of the total Saudi population, and who is

Under the age of 15 is about 45.2 percent.

The total workforce in the Kingdom in 2002 to about 7.4 million workers, of whom 3.66

Million workers from Saudi Arabia make up about 49.7 percent, while foreign workers constitute

About 50.3 percent, or about 3.7 million workers. And works in the public sector by about 0.9

Million workers, while working in the private sector around 6.4 million workers and accounted for

Saudis in the private sector to 44.9 percent, while foreign workers constitute

About 55.1 percent, and in return a percentage of Saudis employed 83.2 percent

In the government sector with foreign workers constitute about 16.8 percent.

National Day of the Kingdom:

Saudi Arabia celebrates its National Day on the first day of the scale, 23
September (September) each year to commemorate the unification of the Kingdom and its founding at the hands of

His Majesty the King Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Rahman Al-Saud, may God have mercy on him, who announced the Kingdom

Saudi Arabia in 1351 AH (1932


Flag of the Kingdom:

Flag of Saudi Arabia rectangular width is equal to two-thirds of its length, floor

Green rosette and certificate (there is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of God) a third line and below-Saif

Arab grip moving toward the flagpole painted white, or may not be Tnkish

Contact with the ground or water in respect of the written testimony to it.