There are few countries that managed to reach in a short period to have reached the Kingdom
Saudi Arabia hundred years ago, was seen to the Arabian Peninsula Ksahra isolated,
The Jeddah port and the small commercial center, and Riyadh, there was no indication that it will
Become the capital in the future. After a century of time has no more than that last only
Little, it has been through three or four decades, the last major transformation of the Kingdom of
Country dependent on agriculture as the foundation of the economy, to the State at a high level of development
And urbanization with a modern infrastructure.
About nature:
Saudi Arabia is located in most of the Arabian Peninsula, and consists of
Narrow valleys on the coast of the Red Sea (Tihama plains), followed, towards the east, chains
Mountain range runs along the country (the mountains of the Hijaz and Asir and exceed the maximum height in 2000), and then
Sohar and rocky hills in the center (90% of the public space), the largest desert influence
In the north and the Empty Quarter in the south. In the east, and along the Gulf Coast
Arab coastal plains stretch wide
Location:
Saudi Arabia is located in the far south-west of the continent of Asia, where it is bordered
Red Sea in the west and east Gulf and United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Kuwait north
, Iraq, Jordan and South Yemen and the Sultanate of Oman
Area:
Saudi Arabia occupies four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula area estimated at more than
Of 2,250,000 sq km
Geographical Features:
Varied topography of the Kingdom due to the wide area along the Red Sea For Tihamah
Coastal length of about 1100 km and a capacity to display a 60 km
The south and narrows as was heading north when the Gulf of Aqaba, and rises to the east of this plain
Sarawat towering mountain range, which range in height from 9000 feet in the south
Is less rise gradually further north up to 3000 feet, and descend the valleys of large
Heading east and west, such as Wadi Wadi Jizan, Najran and triangulation and Wadi Wadi Bisha, Wadi
Acid and Wadi Wadi Rumah stems and Wadi Fatima, and follows the chain from the east
Stands the Najd Plateau, which extends eastward Dahna dunes and desert Alsman and south region
Punctuated Valley propellants and align the Empty Quarter desert and the north extends the plains to find
Related to the Hail to the desert Nafud grand borders Iraq, Jordan also has
Some of the highlands, such as mountains and Twaik viewer and Aja and Salma, The Quarter desert
Empty is a south-eastern part of the country, a large desert area
An area of 640000 square kilometers, consisting of sand dunes and marshes. The easy
Eastern Coastal with a length of about 610 km is composed of salt marshes
And areas of sandy
Climate:
Of Saudi Arabia varies from one region to another because of different terrain and is located under the influence of high
Tropical air, and generally continental climate, the Kingdom of hot summer and cold in winter and winter rainfall
Moderate climate on the western highlands and south-western, and central regions Vsifha
Hot and dry and winters cold and dry and on the coast, the temperature rises, humidity and drops
Rainfall in winter and spring rains are scarce over most regions of the Kingdom
Except the southwestern highlands of the Kingdom Vomtarha seasonal summer heavier than
The rest of the relative humidity is high on the western coasts and mountains in
Most of the year and less as we head to the inside.
Agriculture:
Agriculture has evolved significantly in recent years, which are of dual nature. There
On the one hand, the Bedouin owners and capital productivity is very low, on the other hand, construction
And modern equipment required a lot of investments.
The most important agricultural production:
4.75 million tons of cereals (mainly wheat: 4 million tons, took many of them to countries
The world and given to the Department of Arab States), mussels 548.000 tons, 390,000 tons of tomatoes, watermelon
461.000 tons, 320,000 tons of melon, grapes, 100,000 tons, onions, potatoes, barley, citrus fruits,
Tin, sorghum, sesame Right.
Cattle: 216,000 head of cattle, the beauty of 419,000 head, 8,1 million head of sheep, goats 3,4
Million head. Fishing, 50,000 tons (Pearl).
Vegetation:
Been approximately 2100 plant species in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, about 35
Endemic plant species, or about 2% of the total plant species, and in terms of spatial distribution
Plants are concentrated in the dry areas of the Kingdom, mainly in low-lying areas
Kalraudhat and valleys and lanes of water where water collects after rain The Perennials
, Which represents between 35 to 40% of the number of species and desert areas that are given
Desert vegetation appearance most days of the year there would usually limited areas
Khawwav kindergartens and valleys and low spots and land of flood and sediment
Wind with deep soil, and there are these plants as well as on sand dunes and
Bogs.
And grow in the highlands of the southern and south-west of the Arabian Peninsula, forest and
Upland grass savanna, such as those that spread in northeast Africa, but
Low-lying desert areas of this region are growing the plant species like
Balsavana such as acacia and the hills and peace and other tropical trees scattered.
Animal life:
Containing regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to a variety of animal life
Which dates its existence to the great capacity to adapt to live in such an arid environment,
And living in Saudi Arabia many wild mammals, birds and reptiles and
Insects and Natural History that has adapted to the desert environment. , And may decline in numbers of
Animals, especially the big ones such as deer since the fifties of the fourteenth century
AH, due to overfishing, but the creation of protected areas in many parts of the kingdom had
Stock breeding some endangered species such as oryx and gazelles, and others, this
In addition to the pets, such as: sheep and cattle and sheep and goats, and animal transport
Such as: horses and donkeys and so on.
Mineral wealth:
The country's wealth of natural gas and oil. The most important resources: Petroleum production 424.7 million tons,
Precaution 35.6 billion tons, natural gas production 35.9 billion cubic meters, a stock of 5250 billion cubic meters
Cube.
Industry:
Related industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in oil and natural gas: Refining and Petro-chemistry.
The most important industrial products: cement, tar, steel bars, ethylene, fodder, glycol
Ethylene, ethanol, industrial Deklo'rour ethylene, Alsttiarin, caustic soda, nitrogen, acid
Citric, oxygen, melamine, and there is also a sea water desalination and food industry.
Deals with disarmament salt from sea water approximately 100 million square meters of water per year.
This is not the quantity do little in front of the 9500 million cubic meters per year which are secured by
Ground water and consumed by agriculture. In parallel, the Kingdom is currently experiencing a growth
Great in the field of agro-industries - food and consumer goods industry, which is based on
Private capital.
Ranked in the world:
First in oil production and reserves, the fifth in natural gas reserves, the tenth in the production of
Natural gas, finally, leads the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia each year, thousands of pilgrims to perform
Hajj in Mecca and Medina, which led the state to secure housing
, Food, medical care, enough to absorb such a large number
Area: 2.14979 million square kilometers
Population: 21.4 million
Density: 7.9 inhabitants square kilometers
Capital: Riyadh 1,800,000 people
Major Cities: Jeddah 1,800,000 people, 473,000 people Mecca
Language: Arabic (official)
Currency: Saudi riyal
Population
According to the latest estimates by the Department of Statistics said the total population
Kingdom amounted to about 23.37 million people in the middle of 2002 an annual increase of 3.1
Percent, and the population is the Saudis, including about 74.2 percent, while a non-
Saudi Arabia 25.8 percent. The Saudi population, located under the age of
30 years of age to 72.6 percent of the total Saudi population, and who is
Under the age of 15 is about 45.2 percent.
The total workforce in the Kingdom in 2002 to about 7.4 million workers, of whom 3.66
Million workers from Saudi Arabia make up about 49.7 percent, while foreign workers constitute
About 50.3 percent, or about 3.7 million workers. And works in the public sector by about 0.9
Million workers, while working in the private sector around 6.4 million workers and accounted for
Saudis in the private sector to 44.9 percent, while foreign workers constitute
About 55.1 percent, and in return a percentage of Saudis employed 83.2 percent
In the government sector with foreign workers constitute about 16.8 percent.
National Day of the Kingdom:
Saudi Arabia celebrates its National Day on the first day of the scale, 23
September (September) each year to commemorate the unification of the Kingdom and its founding at the hands of
His Majesty the King Abdul Aziz bin Abdul Rahman Al-Saud, may God have mercy on him, who announced the Kingdom
Saudi Arabia in 1351 AH (1932
Flag of the Kingdom:
Flag of Saudi Arabia rectangular width is equal to two-thirds of its length, floor
Green rosette and certificate (there is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of God) a third line and below-Saif
Arab grip moving toward the flagpole painted white, or may not be Tnkish
Contact with the ground or water in respect of the written testimony to it.
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